Ethanol and 4-methylpyrazole increase DNA adduct formation of furfuryl alcohol in FVB/N wild-type mice and in mice expressing human sulfotransferases 1A1/1A2

Furfuryl alcohol (FFA) is a carcinogenic food contaminant, which is formed by acid- and heat-catalyzed degradation of fructose and glucose. The activation by sulfotransferases (SULTs) yields a DNA reactive and mutagenic sulfate ester. The most prominent DNA adduct, N2-((furan-2-yl)methyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine (N2-MF-dG), was detected in FFA-treated mice and also in human tissue samples. The dominant pathway of FFA detoxification is the oxidation via alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). The activity of these enzymes may be greatly altered in the presence of inhibitors or competitive substrates. Here, we investigated the impact of ethanol and the ADH inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole (4MP) on the DNA adduct formation by FFA in wild-type and in humanized mice that were transgenic for human SULT1A1/1A2 and deficient in the mouse (m) Sult1a1 and Sult1d1 genes (h1A1/1A2/1a1–/1d1–). The administration of FFA alone led to hepatic adduct levels of 4.5 N2-MF-dG/108 nucleosides and 33.6 N2-MF-dG/108 nucleosides in male and female wild-type mice, respectively, and of 19.6 N2-MF-dG/108 nucleosides and 95.4 N2-MF-dG/108 nucleosides in male and female h1A1/1A2/1a1–/1d1– mice. The coadministration of 1.6g ethanol/kg body weight increased N2-MF-dG levels by 2.3-fold in male and by 1.7-fold in female wild-type mice and by 2.5-fold in male and by 1.5-fold in female h1A1/1A2/1a1–/1d1– mice. The coadministration of 100mg 4MP/kg body weight h...
Source: Carcinogenesis - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research