Ivermectin for the Control of West Nile Virus Transmission

This study evaluated the use of endectocide-treated bird feed to control WNV transmission by targeting the primary vector in Colorado, Culex tarsalis. Ivermectin susceptibility in C. tarsalis was first measured through ivermectin-spiked bloodmeals fed using membrane feeders, and the LC50 was determined to be 49.94 ng/ml (39.71-59.93 95% CI, n=988). Chickens were then fed ivermectin-treated feed to examine its safety and palatability, and mosquitoes were blood fed directly on the chickens to assess in vivo effects. Finally, ivermectin pharmokinetics were analyzed using vein blood from chickens as well the C. tarsalis that bloodfed on the chickens. A mixture of 200mg ivermectin/kg of bird feed was determined to be a palatable and safe dose on which chickens would feed while also being effective in killing C. tarsalis in bioassays. Pharmacokinetic data from the in vivo tests produced conflicting results compared to in vitro blood feeds but drug was detected in chicken blood at concentrations that may be expected to affect C. tarsalis. Dosing, safety, and bioassays are currently being conducted in doves and sparrows. Additional studies are currently determining the effect of ivermectin on mortality in WNV-infected mosquitoes, as well as if ivermectin reduces WNV replication and transmission. Our study indicates that the use of ivermectin-treated bird feed could be a novel method of controlling WNV transmission.
Source: New Horizons in Translational Medicine - Category: Research Source Type: research