Pituitary hyperplasia: case series and literature review of an under-recognised and heterogeneous condition.

Pituitary hyperplasia: case series and literature review of an under-recognised and heterogeneous condition. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2015;2015:150017 Authors: De Sousa SM, Earls P, McCormack AI Abstract UNLABELLED: Pituitary hyperplasia (PH) occurs in heterogeneous settings and remains under-recognised. Increased awareness of this condition and its natural history should circumvent unnecessary trans-sphenoidal surgery. We performed an observational case series of patients referred to a single endocrinologist over a 3-year period. Four young women were identified with PH manifesting as diffuse, symmetrical pituitary enlargement near or touching the optic apparatus on MRI. The first woman presented with primary hypothyroidism and likely had thyrotroph hyperplasia given prompt resolution with thyroxine. The second and third women were diagnosed with pathological gonadotroph hyperplasia due to primary gonadal insufficiency, with histopathological confirmation including gonadal-deficiency cells in the third case where surgery could have been avoided. The fourth woman likely had idiopathic PH, though she had concomitant polycystic ovary syndrome which is a debated cause of PH. Patients suspected of PH should undergo comprehensive hormonal, radiological and sometimes ophthalmological evaluation. This is best conducted by a specialised multidisciplinary team with preference for treatment of underlying conditions and close monitor...
Source: Diabetes Metab - Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tags: Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep Source Type: research