Does chronic nicotine consumption influence visual backward masking in schizophrenia and schizotypy?

Publication date: June 2015 Source:Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, Volume 2, Issue 2 Author(s): Albulena Shaqiri , Julie Willemin , Guillaume Sierro , Maya Roinishvili , Luisa Iannantuoni , Linda Rürup , Eka Chkonia , Michael H. Herzog , Christine Mohr Nicotine consumption is higher for people within the schizophrenia spectrum compared to controls. This observation supports the self-medication hypothesis, that nicotine relieves symptoms in, for example, schizophrenia patients. We tested whether performance in an endophenotype of schizophrenia (visual backward masking, VBM) is modulated by nicotine consumption in i) smoking and non-smoking schizophrenia patients, their first-degree relatives, and age-matched controls, ii) non-smoking and smoking university students, and iii) non-smoking, early and late onset nicotine smokers. Overall, our results confirmed that VBM deficits are an endophenotype of schizophrenia, i.e., deficits were highest in patients, followed by their relatives, students scoring high in Cognitive Disorganisation, and controls. Moreover, we found i) beneficial effects of chronic nicotine consumption on VBM performance, in particular with increasing age, and ii) little impact of clinical status alone or in interaction with nicotine consumption on VBM performance. Given the younger age of undergraduate students (up to 30years) versus controls and patients (up to 66years), we propose that age-dependent VBM deficits emerge when schizotypy effects...
Source: Schizophrenia Research: Cognition - Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research